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Why Can Cancer Cause Itchy Skin?
Cancer-related itching, also known as paraneoplastic pruritus, happens when cancer affects the body’s immune system, blood flow, or organ function. Itching can be caused by:
- Chemicals released by cancer cells
- Liver or kidney problems caused by cancer
- Reactions to cancer treatments like chemotherapy
- Blocked bile ducts or blood vessels
Although most itchy skin has nothing to do with cancer, it’s important to understand the possible connections.
Types of Cancer That May Cause Itchy Skin
Liver Cancer
Liver cancer or cancers that spread to the liver can cause bile to build up in the body. This can lead to intense itching, especially on the hands and feet. Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) often appears alongside itching.
Pancreatic Cancer
When pancreatic cancer blocks the bile ducts, bile salts can build up under the skin. This often causes generalized itching along with symptoms like dark urine, yellow skin, and weight loss.
Lymphoma (Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin’s)
Lymphomas, cancers of the lymphatic system, are well known for causing persistent, unexplained itching. Patients may also notice swollen lymph nodes, night sweats, and fever. In some cases, itching can occur months before other symptoms appear.
Leukemia
Certain types of leukemia can trigger skin changes, including itching, rashes, or small red spots (petechiae). These symptoms may be due to abnormal immune responses or blood flow issues.
Skin Cancer
Skin cancers, such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma, can sometimes cause localized itching at the site of the tumor. The itching usually occurs alongside other changes, like new or changing moles, sores that don’t heal, or unusual skin growths.
When Should You Worry About Itchy Skin?
Itchy skin alone is usually not a sign of cancer. Most cases are caused by dry skin, allergies, or common skin conditions. However, you should consult a doctor if your itching is:
- Persistent and lasts more than two weeks
- Severe and disrupts daily life or sleep
- Combined with other symptoms like weight loss, fever, fatigue, or yellowing of the skin
- Localized around unusual skin growths, moles, or lumps
A healthcare provider may order blood tests, imaging, or a skin biopsy to rule out underlying conditions, including cancer.
Other Common Causes of Itchy Skin
Before worrying about cancer, it’s important to remember that itchy skin often has harmless causes. These may include:
- Dry skin (xerosis)
- Eczema or psoriasis
- Fungal infections
- Allergic reactions
- Stress or anxiety
- Side effects of medication
Addressing these causes with proper skincare, hydration, or treatment can usually resolve the issue.
So, what cancer can cause itchy skin? The most common cancers linked to itching include liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, and skin cancer. While itchy skin is not always a sign of cancer, persistent or unexplained itching—especially when combined with other symptoms—should not be ignored.
If you’re experiencing severe or ongoing itching, consult a healthcare professional. Early diagnosis and treatment are key when it comes to both cancer and other underlying conditions.
