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Colon cancer begins in the large intestine, often developing from small growths called polyps. These can turn cancerous if untreated. It’s one of the most common cancers worldwide, but understanding its causes helps with prevention.
Genetic Factors
A family history of colon cancer or inherited conditions like Lynch syndrome increases risk. Gene mutations such as APC and KRAS can trigger abnormal cell growth. Early screening is vital for high-risk individuals.
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Diet and Lifestyle
Eating too much red or processed meat, smoking, and heavy drinking raise colon cancer risk. A low-fiber diet slows digestion and allows toxins to build up. Regular exercise and a diet rich in fruits and vegetables lower the chances of cancer.
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Age and Health Conditions
Most cases occur after age 50, though younger adults are increasingly affected. People with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis face higher risks due to chronic inflammation of the colon lining.
Obesity and Inactivity
Excess body fat and sedentary habits can cause hormonal changes and poor bowel function, both linked to colon cancer. Staying active and maintaining a healthy weight can help prevent it.
Prevention
Regular colon screenings, healthy eating, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, and managing weight are the best preventive measures. Early detection saves lives.
