Stage 3 kidney disease

Stage 3 kidney disease is a moderate stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in which the kidneys no longer work as efficiently as they should. While the condition is serious, early diagnosis and proper care can help slow its progression and protect long-term health.

This guide explains what this stage means, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and available treatment options.

Understanding Kidney Function in Stage 3

During this stage, kidney function drops to 30–59 percent, based on a test called the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Doctors often divide it into two sub-stages:

Stage 3A: eGFR between 45 and 59
Stage 3B: eGFR between 30 and 44

Although kidney damage at this level is usually permanent, proper management can prevent further decline.

Signs and Symptoms to Watch For

Many people do not notice symptoms right away. However, as kidney function worsens, several warning signs may appear, such as:

Ongoing fatigue or low energy
Swelling in the feet, ankles, or hands
Changes in urination patterns
Lower back or side pain
Dry or itchy skin
Nausea or poor appetite
Difficulty focusing

Because these symptoms are often mild or mistaken for other issues, regular testing is essential.

Common Causes and Risk Factors

Several long-term conditions can damage the kidneys and lead to this stage of CKD. The most frequent causes include:

Diabetes, which affects kidney blood vessels
High blood pressure, a major contributor to kidney damage
Inflammation of kidney filters
Genetic kidney disorders
Long-term use of certain pain medications

Risk factors such as smoking, obesity, heart disease, and family history can also increase susceptibility.

How Doctors Diagnose This Condition

Healthcare providers rely on multiple tests to confirm kidney damage, including:

Blood tests to calculate eGFR
Urine tests to detect protein leakage
Imaging tests like ultrasound
Blood pressure monitoring

Early detection allows patients to take action before complications develop.

Treatment and Daily Management

Although there is no cure, treatment focuses on slowing progression and reducing complications. Common management strategies include:

Keeping blood pressure and blood sugar under control
Following a kidney-friendly diet
Limiting salt, phosphorus, and excess protein
Taking prescribed medications
Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol
Regular checkups with a kidney specialist

Lifestyle changes are especially important at this stage.

Living Well With Reduced Kidney Function

Many people live full, active lives despite moderate kidney impairment. With consistent medical care and healthy habits, progression to advanced kidney failure can often be delayed for years.

Moderate kidney disease requires attention, but it does not mean kidney failure is inevitable. Awareness, early diagnosis, and long-term management can make a meaningful difference in preserving kidney health and overall quality of life.